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  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention discloses an optical fiber coupler based on a multi-wavelength photon sieve array to which a brand new multi-wavelength photon sieve array is applied. Since a photon sieve device itself is very sensitive to wavelengths, only incident light of a 5 design center wavelength can pass through a photon sieve to focus and image, and incident light of other wavelengths cannot pass through the photon sieve to focus, and will even not produce a reflection phenomenon. Thus, there will be no problems such as reflections and crosstalk, effectively solving the problem that there are reflections and crosstalk between different transmission channels of the eXisting optical fiber couplers. Compared with a 10 sintering manufacturing process, the manufacturing process of the photon sieve device in the present invention is relatively mature. With low accuracy requirements, the mass production cost is low, and there is no process inconsistency caused by manual detection and packaging. Thus, the additional insertion loss is small. In addition, the photon sieve device in the present invention can be made into a film structure, and the focal length can be designed to be on the 15 order of micrometers. Thus, it has a compact structure, which is easy to integrate. (Figure l)
    公开号:NL2024560A
    申请号:NL2024560
    申请日:2019-12-23
    公开日:2020-03-04
    发明作者:Jiang Wenbo；Zhou Bo；Bu Yun；Ren Xiao；Wang Nan
    申请人:Univ Xihua；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER BASED ON MULTI-WAVELENGTH PHOTON SIEVE ARRAY
    Technical field
    The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical passive components, and particularly relates to the design of an optical fiber coupler based on a multi-wavelength photon sieve array.
    Background of the invention
    An optical fiber coupler is a device for detachable connection between an optical fiber and another optical fiber, and may also be used to extend an optical fiber link, wherein two end faces of the optical fibers are precisely docked, so that the optical energy output by a transmitting optical fiber can be maximally coupled to a receiving optical fiber and it is caused to intervene in the optical link, thereby minimizing its impact on the system. The optical fiber coupler is one of the most widely used components in the field of optical passive components. It has a wide range of applications in many fields such as telecommunications networks, cable television networks, user loop systems, and area networks.
    Generally, according to the structure classification, the optical fiber couplers can be divided into standard couplers, star/tree couplers, directional couplers, wavelength division multiplexers/demultiplexers and the like. According to the manufacturing method classification, the optical fiber couplers can be divided into sintered, optical waveguide, micro-optical device types and the like. In the above manufacturing methods, the sintering method accounts for more than 90%. It is to fuse and stretch two or more optical fibers together and aggregate the cores together, thereby achieving the purpose of optical coupling. Although the sintering process itself can be completed by a fusion splicer, inspection and packaging must be performed manually after sintering, which will cause the following two problems. One is a high labor cost, which accounts for about 10 to 15%. The other is that it is difficult to guarantee the consistency of quality, thereby bringing certain difficulties to the mass production. For the waveguide type optical fiber coupler, a Y-branch staicture or an evolved structure thereof is generally used. When an opening angle of a branch of the coupler increases, the light energy leaking into a cladding will increase, thereby resulting in an increased loss. To solve this problem, the opening angle is generally controlled within 30°, and thus the length of the waveguide type optical fiber coupler cannot be too short. In addition, for the micro-optical device type optical fiber coupler, it is generally composed of a self-focusing lens, a beam splitter, a filter, a grating and the like, and has a complex structure, which is also not conducive to integration. Moreover, there will be the problems such as reflections and crosstalk. In summary, the existing fiber couplers generally have the problems such as reflections and crosstalk between different transmission channels.
    Summary of the invention
    An objective of the present invention is to solve the problem that there are reflections and crosstalk between different transmission channels of the existing optical fiber couplers, and an optical fiber coupler based on a multi-wavelength photon sieve array is proposed.
    A technical solution of the present invention is: an optical fiber coupler based on a multiwavelength photon sieve array, comprising an input end, a multi-wavelength photon sieve array, and an output end, wherein the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is connected to a plurality of input optical fibers through the input end, and the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is connected to an output optical fiber through the output end.
    Preferably, the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is a circular array including n> m 360° sector areas, each sector area having the same angle, i.e. θ =-----, where n is the number of nxm input optical fibers connected to the input end, m is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each sector area includes a plurality of photon sieves.
    Preferably, each photon sieve in each of the sector areas has the same focal length.
    Preferably, photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array have n different types in total, the photon sieves in the same sector area each have the same type, and the photon sieves in adjacent sector areas have different types.
    Preferably, an arrangement order of the sector areas in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is: sector area 11, sector area 21, sector area 31, ..., sector area wl, sector area 12, sector area 22, sector area 32, ..., sector area z/2, ..., sector area Im, sector area 2m, sector area 3m, ..., sector area wot; wherein all the photon sieves in sector area i1, sector area il, sector area z'3, ..., sector area z'm each have the same type, each have an incident wavelength design value being
    Λ,., and correspond to an z-th input optical fiber connected to the input end, where i = 1,2,3,...,« .
    Preferably, the photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array are amplitudetype photon sieves, phase-type photon sieves, fractal photon sieves, or apodized photon sieves.
    Preferably, the photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array are amplitudetype photon sieves including a plurality of annular zones, the annular zones include bright-ring annular zones and dark-ring annular zones, the bright-ring annular zones and the dark-ring annular zones are distributed in accordance with a distribution rule of Fresnel zone plates, that is, they are spaced in order outwardly from the center, and each of the bright-ring annular zones is provided with a light passing pinhole.
    Preferably, the number of annular zones of the amplitude-type photon sieve is calculated by the following formula:
    where ^denotes the number of annular zones of a photon sieve in a sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, D, denotes an entrance pupil diameter of the photon sieve in the sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, λζ denotes an incident wavelength design value of the photon sieve in the sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, ƒ denotes a focal length design value of the photon sieve in the sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, and [·] denotes a rounding function.
    Beneficial effects of the present Invention are as follows:
    (1) The present invention designs a brand new multi-wavelength photon sieve array, and applies it into an optical fiber coupler. Since a photon sieve device itself is very sensitive to wavelengths, only incident light of a design center wavelength (the incident wavelength design value) can pass through a photon sieve to focus and image, and incident light of other wavelengths cannot pass through the photon sieve to focus, and will even not produce a reflection phenomenon. Thus, there will be no problems such as reflections and crosstalk, effectively solving the problems that there are reflections and crosstalk between different transmission channels of the existing optical fiber couplers.
    (2) Compared with a sintering manufacturing process, the manufacturing process of the photon sieve device in the present invention is relatively mature. With low accuracy requirements, the mass production cost is low, and there is no process inconsistency caused by manual detection and packaging. Thus, the additional insertion loss is small.
    (3) The photon sieve device in the present invention can be made into a film structure, and the focal length can be designed to be on the order of micrometers. Thus, it has a compact staicture, which is easy to integrate.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of an optical fiber coupler based on a multiwavelength photon sieve array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 2 shows a schematic structural view of a multi-wavelength photon sieve array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 3 shows a schematic structural view of an amplitude-type photon sieve provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
    Detailed description of the invention
    Exemplary implementations of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementations shown and described in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary, and are intended to explain the principle and spirit of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.
    An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber coupler based on a multiwavelength photon sieve array. As shown in Figure 1, the optical fiber coupler includes an input end, a multi-wavelength photon sieve array, and an output end. The multi-wavelength photon sieve array is connected to a plurality of input optical fibers through the input end, and the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is connected to an output optical fiber through the output end.
    As shown in Figure 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is a circular array including n'm sector areas, each sector area having the 360° same angle, i.e. Θ =-----, where n is the number of input optical fibers connected to the input nxm end, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In order to improve the coupling efficiency as much as possible, the value of m should be larger, usually 3 ~ 5. Each sector area includes a plurality of photon sieves, and the design wavelength of the photon sieve in each sector area should strictly correspond to the incident wavelength of the input optical fiber connected to the input end.
    In a practical application, the multi-wavelength photon sieve array may also be designed as a square array, and the area division manner may be simply replaced or changed.
    In an embodiment of the present invention, each photon sieve in each sector area has the same focal length. Otherwise, it will cause an extra time delay, resulting in pulse broadening or distortion of transmission signals.
    In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of photon sieve devices inside each sector area is determined according to an actual situation. In the case of ensuring that the photon sieve devices are not overlapped with each other, the larger the number is, the better it is.
    In an embodiment of the present invention, the photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array have n different types in total, the photon sieves in the same sector area each have the same type, and the photon sieves in adjacent sector areas have different types.
    Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the arrangement order of the sector areas in the multiwavelength photon sieve array is: sector area 11, sector area 21, sector area 31, ..., sector area zzl, sector area 12, sector area 22, sector area 32, ..., sector area n2, ..., sector area Im, sector area 2m, sector area 3m,..., sector area nm. Herein, all the photon sieves in sector area z 1, sector area z'2, sector area /3, ..., sector area zm each have the same type, each have an incident wavelength design value being λ., and correspond to an z-th input optical fiber connected to the input end, where i = 1,2,3,..., n .
    For example, in Figure 2, all the photon sieves in sector area 11, sector area 12, sector area 13,..., sector area Im are denoted as photon sieves 1, have an incident wavelength design value being the wavelength , and correspond to the first input optical fiber of the optical fiber coupler connected to the input end; all the photon sieves in sector area 21, sector area 22, sector area 23, ..., sector area 2m are denoted as photon sieves 2, have an incident wavelength design value being the wavelength , and correspond to the second input optical fiber of the optical fiber coupler connected to the input end; by analogy, all the photon sieves in sector area zzl, sector area z/2, sector area zz3,..., sector area zzm are denoted as photon sieveszz, have an incident wavelength design value being the wavelength λη, and correspond to the /z-th input optical fiber of the optical fiber coupler connected to the input end.
    The photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array are amplitude-type photon sieves, phase-type photon sieves, fractal photon sieves, or apodized photon sieves. In an embodiment of the present invention, an amplitude-type photon sieve is used, and as shown in Figure 3, it includes a plurality of annular zones. The annular zones include bright-ring annular zones and dark-ring annular zones, and the bright-ring annular zones and the dark-ring annular zones are distributed in accordance with a distribution rule of Fresnel zone plates, that is, they are spaced in order outwardly from the center. That is, the most center is a dark-ring annular zone, its outer ring is a bright-ring annular zone, an outer ring of the outer ring is also a darkring annular zone, and so on. Each bright-ring annular zone is provided with a light passing pinhole.
    In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of annular zones of the amplitudetype photon sieve is calculated by the following formula:
    where ^denotes the number of annular zones of a photon sieve in a sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, Dt denotes an entrance pupil diameter of the photon sieve in the sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, λ, denotes an incident wavelength design value of the photon sieve in the sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, ƒ. denotes a focal length design value of the photon sieve in the sector area corresponding to the z-th input optical fiber, and [·] denotes a rounding function.
    The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for designing and optimizing an amplitude-type photon sieve:
    51. determining a diameter of a multi-wavelength photon sieve array and the number of sector area divisions according to the number of input ends of an optical fiber coupler;
    52. according to actual demands, determining a focal length of the multi-wavelength photon sieve array, i.e., a focal length design value ƒ of all photon sieves in all areas in the multi-wavelength photon sieve array;
    53, in the case of ensuring that the photon sieves in each sector area are not overlapped with each other, determining the number K: of photon sieves in each sector area and an entrance pupil diameter Di; and
    54. according to the design principle of the photon sieve, determining structural parameters of the photon sieve from a design central wavelength λ:, the entrance pupil diameter Dt and the focal length ƒ.
    Herein, step S4 comprises the following substeps:
    S41. calculating the number Nt of annular zones of the photon sieves in each sector area:
    and
    S42. selecting an appropriate window function to optimize and determine the number, aperture size, and distribution status of the light passing pinholes in each light transmitting annular zone (bright-ring annular zone).
    Herein, the aperture size dp of the light passing pinhole is slightly larger than the width of the bright-ring annular zone corresponding to the light passing pinhole, that is, d p = s- w (s> 1, generally being 1.25; ρ<Ν}·, the calculation of w is in accordance with the calculation principle of Fresnel zone plate structure parameters). The distribution status of the light passing pinholes is random, but it must be ensured that all the light passing pinholes cannot be overlapped with each other and the area of the light transmitting annulus zone is occupied as much as possible. The number of light passing pinholes is optimized and determined by the window function, and the common window functions include Gaussian windows, cosine windows and the like. That is, a sum of the area of all small pinholes in each light transmitting annulus zone is used as a parameter, and thus there will bep parameters. These parameters meet a Gaussian distribution, a Cosine distribution or the like. In addition, a density function that varies with the aperture size dp can also be designed to optimize the number of light passing pinholes.
    The fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon sieve array provided by the present invention will be further described below in a specific embodiment:
    assuming //=3 and ///=2, the multi-wavelength photon sieve array is divided into 6 areas, and the angle of each area is 60°.
    By taking a quartz optical fiber as an example, it has three wavelength windows with a very small loss, namely 0.85pm, 1.31pm, and 1.55pm. Thus, the input end wavelengths are set to 21=0.85pm, 22=1.3 Ιμιη, and 23=1.55pm. At the same time, the design center wavelength (the incident wavelength design value) of all photon sieves in sector area 11, sector area 12, and sector area 13 is 0.85pm; the design center wavelength of all photon sieves in sector area 21, sector area 22, and sector area 23 is 1.31pm; and the design center wavelength of all photon sieves in sector area 31, sector area 32, and sector area 33 is 1.55pm.
    By taking photon sieves 1 in sector area 11, sector area 12, and sector area 13 as an example, assuming: ƒ=5pm, and Di=8pm, then Aj=4 of annular zones can be calculated. On this basis, the number, aperture size and distribution of light passing pinholes in each light transmitting annular zone are optimized by using a Gaussian window function. In this way, all the structural parameters of photon sieves 1 in sector area 11, sector area 12, and sector area 13 can be determined, as shown in Figure 3.
    Similarly, all the structural parameters of photon sieves 2 in sector area 21, sector area 22, and sector area 23 and all the structural parameters of photon sieves 3 in sector area 31, sector area 32, and sector area 33 can be determined.
    Compared with the optical fiber coupler in the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
    (1) The present invention designs a brand new multi-wavelength photon sieve array, and applies it into an optical fiber coupler. Since a photon sieve device itself is very sensitive to wavelengths, only incident light of a designed center wavelength can pass through a photon sieve to focus and image, and incident light of other wavelengths cannot pass through the photon sieve to focus, and will even not produce a reflection phenomenon. Thus, there will be no problems such as reflections and crosstalk, effectively solving the problems that there are reflections and crosstalk between different transmission channels of the existing optical fiber couplers.
    (2) Compared with a sintering manufacturing process, the manufacturing process of the photon sieve device in the present invention is relatively mature. With low accuracy requirements, the mass production cost is low, and there is no process inconsistency caused by manual detection and packaging. Thus, the additional insertion loss is small.
    (3) The photon sieve device in the present invention can be made into a film structure, and the focal length can be designed to be on the order of micrometers. Thus, it has a compact structure, which is easy to integrate.
    Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to such special statements and embodiments. A person of ordinary skill in the art may make various other specific modifications and combinations without departing from the essence of the present invention according to the technical motivations disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    Conclusions
    An optical fiber coupler based on a multi-wavelength photon screen matrix, characterized by comprising an input end, a multi-wavelength photon screen matrix, and an output end, wherein the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix is connected to a plurality of optical input fibers through the input end, and the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix is connected to an optical output fiber through the output end.
    [2]
    2. An optical fiber coupler on the basis of the photons sieve matrix with a plurality of wavelengths according to claim 1, characterized in that the photons sieving matrix, a circular matrix with a plurality of wavelengths with nxm sector areas, each sector area having the same angle, n 360 ° that is to say, where n the number of optical input fibers connected to nxm is the input end, m is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each sector region contains a number of photon sieves.
    [3]
    An optical fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix according to claim 2, characterized in that each photon screen has the same focal length in each of the sector areas.
    [4]
    The optical fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix according to claim 2, characterized in that photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix have n different types in total, the photon sieves in the same sector region each have the same type, and the photon sieves in adjacent sector areas have different types.
    [5]
    Optical fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix according to claim 4, characterized in that an arrangement of the sector areas in the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix: sector area 11, sector area 21, sector area 31, sector area zzl, sector area 12, sector area 22, sector area 32, ..., sector area n2, sector area 1m, sector area 2m, sector area 3m, sector area nm; all photon screens in sector region / 1, sector region z'2, sector region / 3, ..., sector region zm being the same type, each having an incident wavelength design value of λ, and corresponding to a z'th optical input fiber connected to the input end, where i = 1,2,3, ..., //.
    [6]
    The optical fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix according to claim 2, characterized in that the photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix are amplitude type photon sieves, phase type photon sieves, fractal photon sieves, or "apodized" photon sieves.
    [7]
    The optical fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix according to claim 5, characterized in that the photon sieves in the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix are amplitude-type photon sieves containing a number of annular zones, the annular zones contain annular zones with a clear ring and dark-ringed annular zones, the clear-ringed annular zones and the dark-ringed annular zones are distributed in accordance with a distribution rule of Fresnel zone plates, that is, they are arranged in order of each other relative to the center , and each of the annular zones with clear rings is provided with a translucent pin hole.
    [8]
    An optical fiber coupler based on the multi-wavelength photon screen matrix according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of annular zones of the amplitude type photon screen is calculated by the following formula: where Ni is the number of annular zones of a photon screen in a sector area corresponding to with the / '- the optical input fiber indicates, D, indicates an input pupil diameter of the photon screen in the sector region corresponding to the z'th optical input fiber, 2, an incident wavelength design value of the photon screen in the sector region corresponding to the z-th optical input fiber indicates, ƒ a focal length design value of the photon screen in the sector region corresponding to the z-th optical input fiber, and [·] indicates a rounding function.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201910836825.XA|CN110471143B|2019-09-05|2019-09-05|Optical fiber coupler based on multi-wavelength photon sieve array|
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